Analyses of Genetic Change in Grass-Clover Based Systems Over Time

Since the use of nitrogen fertilisers is reduced, swards based on grass-clover mixtures regain importance in grassland production. Management of these swards is more complicated than the management of pure grass swards. The population structure will develop in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study we will test the genetic change in the clover components of grass-clover mixtures

Quantum secrecy in thermal states II

In this paper we consider a scheme for cryptographic key distribution based on a variation of continuous variable quantum key distribution called central broadcast. In the continuous variable central broadcast scheme, security arises from discord present in the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect from a thermal source. The benefit of this scheme is that it expands the range of frequencies into the microwave regime. Longer wavelengths—where the thermal photon number is higher and correlations remain robust over long distances—may even be preferable to optical wavelengths. Assuming that Alice controls the source but not the distribution of the light (e.g. satellite broadcasts), then we demonstrate that the central broadcast scheme is robust to an entangling cloner attack. We establish the security of the protocol both experimentally and theoretically

Orthology guided transcriptome assembly of Italian ryegrass and meadow fescue for single-nucleotide polymorphism discovery

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) represent natural DNA sequence variation. They can be used for various applications including the construction of high-density genetic maps, analysis of genetic variability, genome-wide association studies, and mapbased cloning. Here we report on transcriptome sequencing in the two forage grasses, meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and identification of various classes of SNPs. Using the Orthology Guided Assembly (OGA) strategy, we assembled and annotated a total of 18,952 and 19,036 transcripts for Italian ryegrass and meadow fescue, respectively. In addition, we used transcriptome sequence data of perennial ryegrass (L. perenne L.) from a previous study to identify 16,613 transcripts shared across all three species. Large numbers of intraspecific SNPs were identified in all three species: 248,000 in meadow fescue, 715,000 in Italian ryegrass, and 529,000 in perennial ryegrass. Moreover, we identified almost 25,000 interspecific SNPs located in 5343 genes that can distinguish meadow fescue from Italian ryegrass and 15,000 SNPs located in 3976 genes that discriminate meadow fescue from both Lolium species. All identified SNPs were positioned in silico on the seven linkage groups (LGs) of L. perenne using the GenomeZipper approach. With the identification and positioning of interspecific SNPs, our study provides a valuable resource for the grass research and breeding community and will enable detailed characterization of genomic composition and gene expression analysis in prospective Festuca Lolium hybrids

AgapeZ1: a Large Amplification Microlensing Event or an Odd Variable Star Towards the Inner Bulge of M31

AgapeZ1 is the brightest and the shortest duration microlensing candidate event found in the Agape data. It occured only 42" from the center of M31. Our photometry shows that the half intensity duration of the event6 is 4.8 days and at maximum brightness we measure a stellar magnitude of R=18.0 with B-R=0.80 mag color. A search on HST archives produced a single resolved star within the projected event position error box. Its magnitude is R=22.Comment: 4 pages with 5 figure

Coherent state formulation of pion radiation from nucleon antinucleon annihilation

We assume that nucleon antinucleon annihilation is a fast process leading to a classical coherent pion pulse. We develop the quantum description of such pion waves based on the method of coherent states. We study the consequences of such a description for averages of charge types and moments of distributions of pion momenta with iso-spin and four-momentum conservation taken into account. We briefly discuss the applicability of our method to annihilation at rest, where we find agreement with experiment, and suggest other avenues for its use.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, PSI-preprin

Evaluation of rice cultivars for resistance to rice yellow mottle virus

Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV), which is only found in Africa, threatens rice farming on the continent. A local Oryza sativa cultivar collected from Burkina Faso (named BM24), was evaluated with that of well known highly resistant and tolerant cultivars. Firstly, three RYMV isolates were used to characterise the differential interaction within the cultivars. Secondly, disease kinetics of symptom expression and virus titer on leaves at 21 days after inoculation were assessed using the BF1 isolate. Thirdly, the allelic profile of O. sativa varieties using SSR marker RM101 located on chromosome 12 was also assessed. IR64 showed susceptibility to all isolates; while Tog5681 was resistant to all isolates. Ng122 overcame the resistance of Gigante, with mild leaf symptoms at 42\ua0dpi. Azucena and BM24 had, therefore, different resistance level regarding the three isolates (Ng117b, Ng122 and Ng144). When infected with the isolate, BF1, BM24 and Azucena exhibited same resistance patterns in early growth stages with delayed of symptoms appearance, but BM24 outperformed Azucena at later stages. The virus content in the two accessions, at 14 days post inoculation, was statistically different with BM24, showing less virus compared to Azucena. However, the two accessions depicted an identical allelic profile at RM101 locus.Le virus de la panachure jaune du riz (RYMV) est end\ue9mique seulement en Afrique, et fait des ravages dans les rizi\ue8res du continent. Une vari\ue9t\ue9 de riz local (appel\ue9e BM24), r\ue9sistante au RYMV et collect\ue9e au Burkina Faso a \ue9t\ue9 compar\ue9e avec des cultivars bien connus qui sont r\ue9sistants ou tol\ue9rants au RYMV. Tout d\u2019abord, trois isolats ont \ue9t\ue9 utilis\ue9s pour caract\ue9riser les interactions diff\ue9rentielles au sein des cultivars. Ensuite, la cin\ue9tique de l\u2019expression des sympt\uf4mes de la maladie et le titre en virus sur les feuilles \ue0 21 jours apr\ue8s inoculation ont \ue9t\ue9 \ue9valu\ue9e avec l\u2019isolat BF1. Enfin, le profile all\ue9lique des vari\ue9t\ue9s de Oryza sativa a \ue9t\ue9 \ue9valu\ue9 au marqueur SSR RM101 situ\ue9 sur le chromosome 12. La vari\ue9t\ue9 IR64 s\u2019est av\ue9r\ue9e sensible \ue0 tous les isolats tandis que Tog5681 s\u2019est montr\ue9 r\ue9sistant \ue0 tous les isolats. L\u2019isolat Ng122 a surmont\ue9 la r\ue9sistance de Gigante avec la pr\ue9sence de sympt\uf4mes mod\ue9r\ue9s \ue0 42 jours apr\ue8s inoculation (JAI). Azucena et BM24 par contre ont eu diff\ue9rents niveaux de r\ue9sistance en pr\ue9sence des trois isolats (Ng117b, Ng122 and Ng144). Lorsqu\u2019ils sont infect\ue9s avec l\u2019isolat BF1, BM24 et Azucena expriment le m\ueame niveau de r\ue9sistance avec un retard de l\u2019apparition des sympt\uf4mes dans les premiers moments suivant l\u2019inoculation mais au-del\ue0 de 14 JAI, les sympt\uf4mes apparaissent plus rapidement chez Azucena compar\ue9 \ue0 BM24. A 14 JAI, le titre de virus contenu dans e cultivar Azucena est bien sup\ue9rieur statistiquement \ue0 celui de BM24. Cependant, les deux cultivars ont eu un profile all\ue9lique identique au locus RM101

Factors Associated with Providers’ Perceptions of Mental Health Care in Santa Luzia’s Family Health Strategy, Brazil

Brazil has a unique mental health care system, characterized by universal coverage delivered by interdisciplinary teams both in the community and in specialized centros de atenção psicossocial (CAPS—psychosocial care centers). Provision of patient-centered mental health care is an important principle of Brazilian mental health care, but this topic has not been well-studied. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey of 151 community health workers (CHWs), nurses, and physicians in Santa Luzia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Chi-squares, t-tests and multivariate regression analyses examined differences in socio-demographics, caseload, engagement in evidence-based practices (EBPs), and transdisciplinary collaboration between providers who reported providing high levels of patient-centered mental health care and those who did not. In multivariate regression models, components of transdisciplinary collaboration were significantly associated with providers’ perceptions of patient-centered mental health care (p \u3c 0.05). CHWs were also significantly more likely to report providing patient-centered care than physicians and nurses. EBP engagement and sociodemographics were not associated with perceptions. Results suggest that training efforts to improve patient-centered mental health care in Brazil could build upon CHWs’ skills and focus on transdisciplinary collaboration. Findings may inform practice in other countries with similar health care systems

Spectrum and Variability of Mrk501 as observed by the CAT Imaging Telescope

The CAT Imaging Telescope has observed the BL Lac object Markarian 501 between March and August 1997. We report here on the variability over this time including several large flares. We present also preliminary spectra for all these data, for the low emission state, and for the largest flare.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Late